Racing heart, shortness of breath, dizziness, and overwhelming fear — these are just a few of the symptoms that can make both panic and anxiety attacks terrifying experiences. But how can you know the difference between the two? The good news is, you’ve come to the right place to figure it out.
At DeNovo Recovery, we offer evidence-based therapies to address both panic and anxiety, helping you find relief and regain control. If you or someone you know struggles with panic or anxiety attacks, it’s time to reach out for professional help. DeNovo Recovery is here to guide you toward long-term mental health success.
What Is a Panic Attack?
A panic attack is a sudden and intense surge of fear or discomfort that reaches its peak within minutes. Panic attacks can happen unexpectedly and often come with physical symptoms that are severe and overwhelming, such as:
- Rapid heart rate
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain or discomfort
- Dizziness or feeling faint
- Sweating or chills
- Trembling or shaking
- Nausea or stomach pain
- A feeling of detachment from reality
People experiencing a panic attack may feel as though they are losing control or even that they are about to die, even if there’s no actual danger present. Panic attacks typically last between 5 to 20 minutes, though the physical and emotional aftermath can linger longer. Learn more about panic disorder here.
What Is an Anxiety Attack?
Unlike panic attacks, anxiety attacks build up gradually and are usually in response to stress or perceived threats. They often stem from worrying about something specific, such as work, relationships, or health. Symptoms of an anxiety attack include:
- Increased heart rate
- Feeling nervous or tense
- Difficulty concentrating
- Irritability
- Muscle tension
- Sweating or trembling
- Restlessness
- Difficulty sleeping
Anxiety attacks can last much longer than panic attacks, sometimes persisting for days or even weeks. While they might not feel as intense as panic attacks, they can be just as debilitating. Read about anxiety treatment options.
Key Differences Between Panic and Anxiety Attacks
Although people often use the terms interchangeably, panic & anxiety attacks are not the same. Here’s a breakdown of the main differences:
Panic Attack
Can occur without a clear trigger
Sudden onset, symptoms peak within minutes
More intense, often causing a sense of detachment from reality
Lasts for a shorter period, usually 5–20 minutes
Anxiety Attack
Linked to a specific stressor or worry
Builds up gradually over time
Symptoms range from mild to severe
Can last for longer periods, even days
Understanding these differences is crucial for getting the right treatment.
What Causes Panic and Anxiety Attacks?
Panic attacks often occur without any warning or apparent cause. However, certain risk factors may make individuals more prone to experiencing them. These include:
- A family history of panic attacks or disorders
- Other mental health conditions like depression or anxiety
- Chronic medical conditions such as thyroid problems or heart disease
- Substance use issues, particularly alcohol or stimulants like caffeine
- Stressful life events or trauma
On the other hand, anxiety attacks are usually tied to identifiable stressors or situations, such as:
- Work or school pressures
- Relationship problems
- Financial difficulties
- Health concerns
- Major life changes
For more about the connection between substance use and mental health, check out our post on how substance abuse influences mental health.
Risk Factors for Panic and Anxiety Attacks
Some individuals are more likely to experience panic or anxiety attacks due to genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. These risk factors include:
- Personal or family history: Having a family member with panic disorder or anxiety increases your likelihood of experiencing these attacks.
- Other mental health issues: Depression, bipolar disorder, or other anxiety disorders often co-occur with panic & anxiety attacks.
- Substance use: Alcohol/drug use, as well as withdrawal from substances, can trigger these episodes.
- Trauma: Past traumatic experiences or exposure to stressors can lead to heightened anxiety and panic.
- Gender: Studies show that women are more likely to experience anxiety disorders than men.
For more insight on co-occurring mental health issues, read our article on dual diagnosis treatment.
How Are Panic and Anxiety Attacks Diagnosed?
For a formal diagnosis, mental health professionals typically rely on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria. While panic attacks are well-defined in the DSM-5, anxiety attacks are not. Instead, anxiety symptoms are often categorized under disorders like Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) or Panic Disorder.
To diagnose these conditions, a doctor may:
- Perform a psychological evaluation
- Discuss recent life events & stressors
- Conduct physical exams or tests (such as blood work or an EKG) to rule out medical causes for symptoms
For personalized mental health support, see how personalized therapy works at DeNovo Recovery.
Treatment Options for Panic and Anxiety Attacks
At DeNovo Recovery, we offer a comprehensive approach to treating both panic and anxiety attacks. Treatment plans are personalized for each individual and may include the following:
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT):
- CBT is highly effective in treating anxiety and panic disorders. It helps individuals recognize and change negative thought patterns that trigger anxiety or panic. Patients learn to manage symptoms while developing healthier coping strategies.
- Medication:
- In some cases, medication may be necessary to manage severe symptoms. Common options include:
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): Often prescribed for long-term management of anxiety & panic.
- Benzodiazepines: Fast-acting medications that provide quick relief but are typically only recommended for short-term use due to the risk of dependency.
- Beta-blockers: These help manage physical symptoms like a rapid heart rate or trembling.
- For more on anxiety medications, explore our post on prescription drug treatment.
- Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques:
- Practices such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, or mindfulness can help individuals stay grounded during an attack and lower overall anxiety levels.
- Lifestyle Adjustments:
- Regular exercise, a balanced diet, limiting caffeine, alcohol, and establishing a healthy sleep routine are all important for managing anxiety & panic symptoms.
For more wellness guidance, check out our stress management and sobriety tips.
Take Control of Your Mental Health
Panic and anxiety attacks can be distressing, but with the right treatment and support, they can be managed. If you or a loved one is struggling, it’s crucial to seek professional help. At DeNovo Recovery, we offer personalized treatment plans to help you regain control of your mental well-being.
Contact us today to learn more about our services and how we can support your recovery journey.